In 1938, 17-year-old Jewish refugee Herschel Grynszpan was devastated after his parents and thousands of other German Jews were forcibly deported to Poland by the Nazis. Seeking revenge, he bought a revolver and went to the German Embassy in Paris on November 7, where he shot diplomat Ernst vom Rath. The Nazis exploited the assassination as a pretext for **Kristallnacht**, the nationwide pogrom against Jews that destroyed thousands of Jewish businesses and led to the arrest and deportation of tens of thousands of Jewish men to concentration camps, marking a major escalation of Nazi persecution.
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